What Is Diabetic Retinopathy?
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most prevalent eye diseases affecting the working age population. It is thought to be caused by high blood sugar levels which, over time, damage the tiny blood vessels of the retina at the back of the eye, making them swell and leak. Left untreated, DR can lead to vision loss and eventually blindness.
Since diabetic eye disease is typically painless and shows no symptoms until its advanced stages, it's critical to get your annual eye evaluation, as an optometrist can detect the developing signs early enough to prevent vision loss.
Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetics may not realize they have diabetic retinopathy, because it develops silently. As the condition worsens, it may cause:
- Blurred vision
- Poor night vision
- Colors to appear faded or washed out
- An increased presence of floaters
- Vision loss
- Blank or dark areas in your field of vision
Diabetic retinopathy symptoms usually affect both eyes.
Risk Factors
If you are diabetic, caring for your eyes by undergoing routine eye exams and taking care of your body by controlling blood sugar levels are critical to preventing vision loss. There are several risk factors associated with diabetic eye complications, including:
- Poor blood sugar control
- Smoking
- High cholesterol
- High blood pressure
- Pregnancy
- Excess weight/obesity
Are There Any Treatments for Diabetic Retinopathy?
Today’s treatment options may improve your vision, even if you feel your eyesight has begun to deteriorate. Medications can be injected to reduce swelling, and laser surgery can be used to shrink and seal off swollen and leaking blood vessels — preserving and, in many cases, even improving vision.
While certain treatments may work, frequent monitoring of your eyes coupled with managing your blood sugar levels can go a long way toward preventing or reducing diabetic retinopathy complications.
If You Have Diabetes, Make Sure to:
- Control blood sugar and blood pressure to prevent long-term damage to the fine blood vessels within the retina.
- Keep a healthy lifestyle routine, especially during stressful times such as the COVID-19 pandemic. (Plus, while diabetics are in the high-risk category, your chances of developing serious COVID-19 related complications is lower if your diabetes is under control.)
- Maintain a steady diet and exercise regimen to help the body and mind feel better.
- Quit smoking, if applicable; you can reach out to a medical professional for guidance.
- Get yearly diabetic eye exams.
Preventing and managing diabetic retinopathy require a multi-disciplinary approach involving your eye doctor and other medical professionals. Your eye doctor will perform a comprehensive eye exam to determine whether you have diabetic retinopathy, assess its severity, and discuss preventative strategies as well as the latest treatment options.
Contact Giddens Optometry at 905-873-1861 to schedule your diabetic eye exam today, and to learn more about what you can do to protect your vision and general health.